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Pubblicazioni Scientifiche
Filtri di ricerca 2 risultati
Pubblicazioni per anno
Integrated forest management to prevent wildfires under mediterranean environments
Corona
,
P.
,
Ascoli
,
Davide
,
Barbati
,
Anna
,
Bovio
,
Giovanni
,
Colangelo
,
Giuseppe
,
Elia
,
Mario
,
Garfì
,
Vittorio
,
Iovino
,
Francesco
,
Lafortezza
,
Raffaele
,
Leone
,
Vittorio
,
Lovreglio
,
Raffella
,
Marchetti
,
Marco
,
Marchi
,
Enrico
,
Menguzzato
,
Giuliano
,
Nocentini
,
Susanna
,
Picchio
,
Rodolfo
,
Portoghesi
,
Luigi
,
Puletti
,
Nicola
,
Sanesi
,
Giovanni
,
Chianucci
,
Francesco
Mostra abstract
This review presents a multidisciplinary framework for integrating the ecological, regulatory, procedural and technical aspects of forest management for fires prevention under Mediterranean environments. The aims are to: i) provide a foreground of wildfire scenario; ii) illustrate the theoretical background of forest fuel management; iii) describe the available fuel management techniques and mechanical operations for fire prevention in forest and wildland-urban interfaces, with exemplification of case-studies; iv) allocate fire prevention activities under the hierarchy of forest planning. The review is conceived as an outline commentary discussion targeted to professionals, technicians and government personnel involved in forestry and environmental management.
Estimation of foliage clumping from the LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer: effect of view caps
leaf area index
hemispherical photography
apparent clumping index
effective leaf area
logarithm averaging
Mostra abstract
Key message: Foliage clumping can be estimated from logarithm averaging method in LAI-2000. The spatial scaling of clumping effects considered by the instrument is dependent on the sensor’s azimuthal view. Accurate estimates of foliage clumping index (Ω) are required to improve the retrieval of leaf area index (L) from optical instruments like LAI-2000/2200 Plant Canopy Analyzer (PCA) and digital hemispherical photography (DHP). The logarithm averaging method is often used to approximate L because clumping effects are considered at scales larger than the sensor’s field of view. However, the spatial scaling considered for logarithm averaging typically differs between PCA and DHP, resulting in different estimates of foliage clumping. Based on simulation, we demonstrated that applying restricting azimuth view caps (e.g., 45° or 10°) allows reliable estimation of Ω and more accurate estimation of L from PCA. Simulated Ω and L values were comparable to those measured using the PCA, DHP and litter traps. Linear averaging of the gap fractions across readings at a plot or site yields a concurrent estimate of effective leaf area index (L<inf>e</inf>), thus enabling the calculation of L<inf>e</inf>, L, and Ω from a single instrument fitted with view caps. Users need to be aware that the method they use for averaging gap fractions determines whether they are measuring L<inf>e</inf> or L, and PCA users need to be aware that they are applying increasingly large corrections for foliage clumping as they use more restrictive view caps, a fact that they can use to their advantage to improve estimates of L. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.