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Continental Contrasts in Climate Extremes That Control Tree Fecundity
Clark , James S. , Andrus , Robert A. , Arianoutsou , Margarita , Ascoli , Davide , Bergeron , Yves , Bogdziewicz , Michał , Boivin , Thomas , Bonal , Raúl , Caignard , Thomas , Cailleret , Maxime , Calama , Rafael A. , Camarero , Jesús Julio , Chianucci , Francesco , Cienciala , Emil , Courbaud , Benoít , Delzon , Sylvain , Dietze , Michael C. , Espelta , Josep Maria , Fady , Bruno , Fyllas , Nikolaos M. , Gilbert , Gregory S. , Gratzer , Georg , Guignabert , Arthur , Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Hampe , Arndt , Hanley , Mick E. , Hille Ris Lambers , Janneke , Holik , Jan , Hoshizaki , K. , Hu , Miao , Ibáñez , Inés , Işık , Fatih , Jenkins , Lauren , Johnstone , Jill F. , Journé , Valentin , Kadioglu , Alper Kaan , Kızılaslan , İrem Sena , Knops , Johannes Michael Hubertus , Kobe , Richard K. , Köse , Nesibe , Külah , Eylül U. , Kunstler , Georges , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Ledwoń , Mateusz , Lehtonen , Aleksi , Loewe-Muñoz , Verónica F. , Lutz , James A. , Mårell , Anders , Meyer , Kira , Moran , Emily V. , Motta , Renzo , Myers , Jonathan A. , Nagel , Thomas A. , Pérez-Ramos , Ignacio M. , Piechnik , Łukasz , Podgórski , Tomasz , Poulton-Kamakura , Renata , Qiu , Tong , Redmond , Miranda D. , Reid , Chantal D. , Rodman , Kyle C. , Rodríguez-Sánchez , Francisco , Šamonil , Pavel , Šebeň , Vladimír , Seget , Barbara , Sharma , Shubhi , Socha , Jarosław Ł. , Steele , Michael A. , Straub , Jacob N. , Sutton , Samantha , Thomas , Peter A. , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Venner , Marie Claude , Venner , Samuel , Zavala , Miguel A. , Zheng , Shiqi , Żywiec , Magdalena
drought climate extremes forest recovery late freeze
Mostra abstract
In 2023, more than half of olive harvests (Olea europaea) across Spain, Greece, and Türkiye were lost to drought. The same year late freeze destroyed 90% of the peach crop (Prunus persica) on the Georgia Piedmont and the apple crop (Malus domestica) in central New York, Vermont, and southern Quebec. Climate extremes now rank with the costliest threats to agriculture, but their role in forest recovery from diebacks that are happening globally is unknown for lack of tree fecundity estimates in forests. Tolerance of climate extremes could depend on past exposure but constrained by phylogenetic conservatism. We report a continental scale analysis of climate extremes and forest fecundity across North America and Europe showing that responses to late freeze and drought are happening now. Species differences are not explained by the traits typically included in ecological studies and they are weakly associated with phylogeny. Late freeze, that is, freezing temperatures that follow the onset of flower development in spring, is shown to be “normal” in North America, but not Europe, potentially explaining failed seed production due to delayed onset and the resultant shorter growing period by North American transplants dating back at least to the 18th century. Drought has thus far had the greatest impacts in dry forested regions, but here too, species differences are not explained by traditional trait values. If responses have been buffered from drought and late freeze by past exposure, acclimation and local adaptation prove inadequate as extremes intensify. © 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2026
Rivista
Global Change Biology
Dettagli
Vol. 32 (2)
DOI
The Relationship Between Maturation Size and Maximum Tree Size From Tropical to Boreal Climates
Journé , Valentin , Bogdziewicz , Michał , Courbaud , Benoít , Kunstler , Georges , Qiu , Tong , Aravena Acuña , Marie Claire , Ascoli , Davide , Bergeron , Yves , Berveiller , Daniel , Boivin , Thomas , Bonal , Raúl , Caignard , Thomas , Cailleret , Maxime , Calama , Rafael A. , Camarero , Jesús Julio , Chang-Yang , Chia Hao , Chave , Jérôme , Chianucci , Francesco , Curt , Thomas , Cutini , Andrea , Das , Adrian J. , Daskalakou , Evangelia N. , Davi , Hendrik , Delpierre , Nicolas , Delzon , Sylvain , Dietze , Michael C. , Calderon , Sergio Donoso , Dormont , Laurent , Espelta , Josep Maria , Farfan-Rios , William R. , Fenner , Michael , Franklin , Jerry F. , Gehring , Catherine A. , Gilbert , Gregory S. , Gratzer , Georg , Greenberg , Cathryn H. , Guignabert , Arthur , Guo , Qinfeng , Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Hampe , Arndt , Han , Qingmin , Hanley , Mick E. , Hille Ris Lambers , Janneke , Holik , Jan , Hoshizaki , K. , Ibáñez , Inés , Johnstone , Jill F. , Knops , Johannes Michael Hubertus , Kobe , Richard K. , Kurokawa , Hiroko , Lageard , Jonathan G.A. , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Ledwoń , Mateusz , Lefèvre , François , Leininger , Theodor D. , Limousin , Jean Marc , Lutz , James A. , Macias , Diana S. , Mårell , Anders , McIntire , Eliot J.B. , Moran , Emily V. , Motta , Renzo , Myers , Jonathan A. , Nagel , Thomas A. , Naoe , Shoji , Noguchi , Mahoko , Norghauer , Julian M. , Oguro , Michio , Ourcival , Jean Marc , Parmenter , Robert R. , Pearse , Ian S. , Pérez-Ramos , Ignacio M. , Piechnik , Łukasz , Podgórski , Tomasz , Poulsen , John R. , Redmond , Miranda D. , Reid , Chantal D. , Šamonil , Pavel , Scher , C. Lane , Schlesinger , William H. , Seget , Barbara , Sharma , Shubhi , Shibata , Mitsue , Silman , Miles R. , Steele , Michael A. , Stephenson , Nathan L. , Straub , Jacob N. , Sutton , Samantha , Swenson , Jennifer J. , Swift , Margaret , Thomas , Peter A. , Uríarte , María , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Whipple , Amy Vaughn , Whitham , Thomas G. , Wright , Stuart Joseph , Zhu , Kai , Zimmerman , Jess K. , Żywiec , Magdalena , Clark , James S.
seed production allometry life history size tree fecundity tree maturation
Mostra abstract
The fundamental trade-off between current and future reproduction has long been considered to result in a tendency for species that can grow large to begin reproduction at a larger size. Due to the prolonged time required to reach maturity, estimates of tree maturation size remain very rare and we lack a global view on the generality and the shape of this trade-off. Using seed production from five continents, we estimate tree maturation sizes for 486 tree species spanning tropical to boreal climates. Results show that a species' maturation size increases with maximum size, but in a non-proportional way: the largest species begin reproduction at smaller sizes than would be expected if maturation were simply proportional to maximum size. Furthermore, the decrease in relative maturation size is steepest in cold climates. These findings on maturation size drivers are key to accurately represent forests' responses to disturbance and climate change. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2024
Rivista
Ecology Letters
Dettagli
Vol. 27 (9)
DOI
Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients
Qiu , Tong , Aravena Acuña , Marie Claire , Ascoli , Davide , Bergeron , Yves , Bogdziewicz , Michał , Boivin , Thomas , Bonal , Raúl , Caignard , Thomas , Cailleret , Maxime , Calama , Rafael A. , Calderon , Sergio Donoso , Camarero , Jesús Julio , Chang-Yang , Chia Hao , Chave , Jérôme , Chianucci , Francesco , Courbaud , Benoít , Cutini , Andrea , Das , Adrian J. , Delpierre , Nicolas , Delzon , Sylvain , Dietze , Michael C. , Dormont , Laurent , Espelta , Josep Maria , Fahey , Timothy J. , Farfan-Rios , William R. , Franklin , Jerry F. , Gehring , Catherine A. , Gilbert , Gregory S. , Gratzer , Georg , Greenberg , Cathryn H. , Guignabert , Arthur , Guo , Qinfeng , Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Hampe , Arndt , Han , Qingmin , Holik , Jan , Hoshizaki , K. , Ibáñez , Inés , Johnstone , Jill F. , Journé , Valentin , Kitzberger , Thomas A. , Knops , Johannes Michael Hubertus , Kunstler , Georges , Kurokawa , Hiroko , Lageard , Jonathan G.A. , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Lefèvre , François , Leininger , Theodor D. , Limousin , Jean Marc , Lutz , James A. , Macias , Diana S. , Mårell , Anders , McIntire , Eliot J.B. , Moore , Christopher M. , Moran , Emily V. , Motta , Renzo , Myers , Jonathan A. , Nagel , Thomas A. , Naoe , Shoji , Noguchi , Mahoko , Oguro , Michio , Parmenter , Robert R. , Pearse , Ian S. , Pérez-Ramos , Ignacio M. , Piechnik , Łukasz , Podgórski , Tomasz , Poulsen , John R. , Redmond , Miranda D. , Reid , Chantal D. , Rodman , Kyle C. , Rodríguez-Sánchez , Francisco , Šamonil , Pavel , Sanguinetti , Javier D. , Scher , C. Lane , Seget , Barbara , Sharma , Shubhi , Shibata , Mitsue , Silman , Miles R. , Steele , Michael A. , Stephenson , Nathan L. , Straub , Jacob N. , Sutton , Samantha , Swenson , Jennifer J. , Swift , Margaret , Thomas , Peter A. , Uríarte , María , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Whipple , Amy Vaughn , Whitham , Thomas G. , Wion , Andreas P. , Wright , Stuart Joseph , Zhu , Kai , Zimmerman , Jess K. , Żywiec , Magdalena , Clark , James S.
plant seed seeds tree trees reproduction fertility satiety satiation
Mostra abstract
The benefits of masting (volatile, quasi-synchronous seed production at lagged intervals) include satiation of seed predators, but these benefits come with a cost to mutualist pollen and seed dispersers. If the evolution of masting represents a balance between these benefits and costs, we expect mast avoidance in species that are heavily reliant on mutualist dispersers. These effects play out in the context of variable climate and site fertility among species that vary widely in nutrient demand. Meta-analyses of published data have focused on variation at the population scale, thus omitting periodicity within trees and synchronicity between trees. From raw data on 12 million tree-years worldwide, we quantified three components of masting that have not previously been analysed together: (i) volatility, defined as the frequency-weighted year-to-year variation; (ii) periodicity, representing the lag between high-seed years; and (iii) synchronicity, indicating the tree-to-tree correlation. Results show that mast avoidance (low volatility and low synchronicity) by species dependent on mutualist dispersers explains more variation than any other effect. Nutrient-demanding species have low volatility, and species that are most common on nutrient-rich and warm/wet sites exhibit short periods. The prevalence of masting in cold/dry sites coincides with climatic conditions where dependence on vertebrate dispersers is less common than in the wet tropics. Mutualist dispersers neutralize the benefits of masting for predator satiation, further balancing the effects of climate, site fertility and nutrient demands. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
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2023
Rivista
Nature Plants
Dettagli
Vol. 9 (7) pp. 1044 - 1056
DOI
Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees
Bogdziewicz , Michał , Aravena Acuña , Marie Claire , Andrus , Robert A. , Ascoli , Davide , Bergeron , Yves , Brveiller , Daniel , Boivin , Thomas , Bonal , Raúl , Caignard , Thomas , Cailleret , Maxime , Calama , Rafael A. , Calderon , Sergio Donoso , Camarero , Jesús Julio , Chang-Yang , Chia Hao , Chave , Jérôme , Chianucci , Francesco , Cleavitt , Natalie L. , Courbaud , Benoít , Cutini , Andrea , Curt , Thomas , Das , Adrian J. , Davi , Hendrik , Delpierre , Nicolas , Delzon , Sylvain , Dietze , Michael C. , Dormont , Laurent , Farfan-Rios , William R. , Gehring , Catherine A. , Gilbert , Gregory S. , Gratzer , Georg , Greenberg , Cathryn H. , Guignabert , Arthur , Guo , Qinfeng , Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Hampe , Arndt , Han , Qingmin , Hoshizaki , K. , Ibáñez , Inés , Johnstone , Jill F. , Journé , Valentin , Kitzberger , Thomas A. , Knops , Johannes Michael Hubertus , Kunstler , Georges , Kobe , Richard K. , Lageard , Jonathan G.A. , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Ledwoń , Mateusz , Leininger , Theodor D. , Limousin , Jean Marc , Lutz , James A. , Macias , Diana S. , Mårell , Anders , McIntire , Eliot J.B. , Moran , Emily V. , Motta , Renzo , Myers , Jonathan A. , Nagel , Thomas A. , Naoe , Shoji , Noguchi , Mahoko , Oguro , Michio , Kurokawa , Hiroko , Ourcival , Jean Marc , Parmenter , Robert R. , Pérez-Ramos , Ignacio M. , Piechnik , Łukasz , Podgórski , Tomasz , Poulsen , John R. , Qiu , Tong , Redmond , Miranda D. , Reid , Chantal D. , Rodman , Kyle C. , Šamonil , Pavel , Holik , Jan , Scher , C. Lane , van Marle , Harald Schmidt , Seget , Barbara , Shibata , Mitsue , Sharma , Shubhi , Silman , Miles R. , Steele , Michael A. , Straub , Jacob N. , Sun , I. Fang , Sutton , Samantha , Swenson , Jennifer J. , Thomas , Peter A. , Uríarte , María , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Veblen , Thomas Thorstein , Wright , Boyd R. , Wright , Stuart Joseph , Whitham , Thomas G. , Zhu , Kai , Zimmerman , Jess K. , Żywiec , Magdalena , Clark , James S.
fecundity functional traits leaf economics life history strategies size syndrome tree recruitment
Mostra abstract
Aim: Our understanding of the mechanisms that maintain forest diversity under changing climate can benefit from knowledge about traits that are closely linked to fitness. We tested whether the link between traits and seed number and seed size is consistent with two hypotheses, termed the leaf economics spectrum and the plant size syndrome, or whether reproduction represents an independent dimension related to a seed size–seed number trade-off. Location: Most of the data come from Europe, North and Central America and East Asia. A minority of the data come from South America, Africa and Australia. Time period: 1960–2022. Major taxa studied: Trees. Methods: We gathered 12 million observations of the number of seeds produced in 784 tree species. We estimated the number of seeds produced by individual trees and scaled it up to the species level. Next, we used principal components analysis and generalized joint attribute modelling (GJAM) to map seed number and size on the tree traits spectrum. Results: Incorporating seed size and number into trait analysis while controlling for environment and phylogeny with GJAM exposes relationships in trees that might otherwise remain hidden. Production of the large total biomass of seeds [product of seed number and seed size; hereafter, species seed productivity (SSP)] is associated with high leaf area, low foliar nitrogen, low specific leaf area (SLA) and dense wood. Production of high seed numbers is associated with small seeds produced by nutrient-demanding species with softwood, small leaves and high SLA. Trait covariation is consistent with opposing strategies: one fast-growing, early successional, with high dispersal, and the other slow-growing, stress-tolerant, that recruit in shaded conditions. Main conclusions: Earth system models currently assume that reproductive allocation is indifferent among plant functional types. Easily measurable seed size is a strong predictor of the seed number and species seed productivity. The connection of SSP with the functional traits can form the first basis of improved fecundity prediction across global forests. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2023
Rivista
Global Ecology and Biogeography
Dettagli
Vol. 32 (5) pp. 683 - 694
DOI
MASTREE+: Time-series of plant reproductive effort from six continents
Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Foest , Jessie J. , Pearse , Ian S. , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Koenig , Walter D. , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Bogdziewicz , Michał , Caignard , Thomas , Celebias , Paulina , van Dormolen , Joep , Fernández-Martínez , Marcos , Moris , Jose V. , Palaghianu , Ciprian , Pesendorfer , Mario B. , Satake , Akiko , Schermer , Éliane , Tanentzap , Andrew J. , Thomas , Peter A. , Vecchio , Davide , Wion , Andreas P. , Wohlgemuth , Thomas , Xue , Tingting , Abernethy , Katharine A. , Aravena Acuña , Marie Claire , Barrera , Marcelo Daniel , Barton , Jessica H. , Boutin , Stan A. , Bush , Emma R. , Donoso Calderón , Sergio R. , Carevic , Felipe S. , Castilho , Carolina V. , Manuel Cellini , Juan , Chapman , Colin A. , Chapman , H. M. , Chianucci , Francesco , Costa , Patricia Da , Croisé , Luc , Cutini , Andrea , Dantzer , Ben J. , DeRose , Robert Justin , Dikangadissi , Jean Thoussaint , Dimoto , Edmond , da Fonseca , Fernanda Lopes , Gallo , Leonardo Ariel , Gratzer , Georg , Greene , David F. , Hadad , Martín Ariel , Huertas Herrera , Alejandro , Jeffery , Kathryn J. , Johnstone , Jill F. , Kalbitzer , Urs , Kantorowicz , Władysław , Klimas , Christie Ann , Lageard , Jonathan G.A. , Lane , Jeffrey E. , Lapin , Katharina , Ledwoń , Mateusz , Leeper , Abigail C. , Lencinas , María Vanessa , Lira-Guedes , Ana Cláudia , Lordon , Michael C. , Marchelli , Paula , Marino , Shealyn , Schmidt van Marle , Harald , McAdam , Andrew G. , Momont , Ludovic R.W. , Nicolas , Manuel , de Oliveira Wadt , Lúcia Helena , Panahi , Parisa , Martínez Pastur , Guillermo J. , Patterson , Thomas W. , Luis Peri , Pablo , Piechnik , Łukasz , Pourhashemi , Mehdi , Espinoza Quezada , Claudia , Roig , Fidel Alejandro , Peña-Rojas , Karen A. , Rosas , Yamina Micaela , Schueler , Silvio , Seget , Barbara , Soler , Rosina M. , Steele , Michael A. , Toro Manríquez , Mónica Del Rosario , Tutin , Caroline E.G. , Ukizintambara , Tharcisse , White , Lee J.T. , Yadok , Biplang Godwill , Willis , John L. , Zolles , Anita , Żywiec , Magdalena , Ascoli , Davide
plant reproduction masting demography flowering general flowering recruitment regeneration
Mostra abstract
Significant gaps remain in understanding the response of plant reproduction to environmental change. This is partly because measuring reproduction in long-lived plants requires direct observation over many years and such datasets have rarely been made publicly available. Here we introduce MASTREE+, a data set that collates reproductive time-series data from across the globe and makes these data freely available to the community. MASTREE+ includes 73,828 georeferenced observations of annual reproduction (e.g. seed and fruit counts) in perennial plant populations worldwide. These observations consist of 5971 population-level time-series from 974 species in 66 countries. The mean and median time-series length is 12.4 and 10 years respectively, and the data set includes 1122 series that extend over at least two decades (≥20 years of observations). For a subset of well-studied species, MASTREE+ includes extensive replication of time-series across geographical and climatic gradients. Here we describe the open-access data set, available as a.csv file, and we introduce an associated web-based app for data exploration. MASTREE+ will provide the basis for improved understanding of the response of long-lived plant reproduction to environmental change. Additionally, MASTREE+ will enable investigation of the ecology and evolution of reproductive strategies in perennial plants, and the role of plant reproduction as a driver of ecosystem dynamics. © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2022
Rivista
Global Change Biology
Dettagli
Vol. 28 (9) pp. 3066 - 3082
DOI