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Plant functional traits are correlated with species persistence in the herb layer of old-growth beech forests
Campetella , Giandiego , Chelli , Stefano , Simonetti , Enrico , Damiani , Claudia , Bartha , Sándor , Wellstein , Camilla , Giorgini , Daniele , Puletti , Nicola , Mucina , Ladislav , Cervellini , Marco , Canullo , R.
beech forest genetics plant leaf plant seed quantitative trait fagus forests plant leaves heritable seeds
Mostra abstract
This paper explores which traits are correlated with fine-scale (0.25 m<sup>2</sup>) species persistence patterns in the herb layer of old-growth forests. Four old-growth beech forests representing different climatic contexts (presence or absence of summer drought period) were selected along a north–south gradient in Italy. Eight surveys were conducted in each of the sites during the period spanning 1999–2011. We found that fine-scale species persistence was correlated with different sets of plant functional traits, depending on local ecological context. Seed mass was found to be as important for the fine-scale species persistence in the northern sites, while clonal and bud-bank traits were markedly correlated with the southern sites characterised by summer drought. Leaf traits appeared to correlate with species persistence in the drier and wetter sites. However, we found that different attributes, i.e. helomorphic vs scleromorphic leaves, were correlated to species persistence in the northernmost and southernmost sites, respectively. These differences appear to be dependent on local trait adaptation rather than plant phylogenetic history. Our findings suggest that the persistent species in the old-growth forests might adopt an acquisitive resource-use strategy (i.e. helomorphic leaves with high SLA) with higher seed mass in sites without summer drought, while under water-stressed conditions persistent species have a conservative resource-use strategy (i.e. scleromorphic leaves with low SLA) with an increased importance of clonal and resprouting ability. © 2020, The Author(s).
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2020
Rivista
Scientific Reports
Dettagli
Vol. 10 (1)
DOI
Early impact of alternative thinning approaches on structure diversity and complexity at stand level in two beech forests in Italy
Becagli , Claudia , Puletti , Nicola , Chiavetta , U. , Cantiani , Paolo , Salvati , Luca , Fabbio , Gianfranco
beech forest thinning competition indexes stand structure structure diversity
Mostra abstract
Stand structure, tree density as well as tree spatial pattern define natural dynamics and competition process. They are therefore parameters used to define any silvicultural management type. This work aims to report first data resulting from a silvicultural experiment in beech forests. The objective of the trial is testing the structure manipulation in terms of diversity and the reduction of inter-tree competition of different thinning approaches. Alternative thinning methods have been applied in two independent experimental sites located in the pre-Alps and southern Apennines, in Italy. Specific goals were to: (i) verify the impact early after thinning implementation on forest structure through a set of diversity and competition metrics resulting from a literature review; (ii) the sensitivity of tested indexes to detect effectively thinning manipulation. Main results show the low sensitivity of stand structure indexes and the ability of competition metrics to detect thinning outcome.
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2013
Rivista
Annals of Silvicultural Research
Dettagli
Vol. 37 (1) pp. 55 - 63
DOI
Comparison of TLS against traditional surveying method for stem taper modelling. A case study in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests of mount Amiata
Torresan , C. , Pelleri , F. , Manetti , Maria Chiara , Becagli , Claudia , Castaldi , Cristiano , Notarangelo , Monica , Chiavetta , U.
terrestrial laser scanner log stem volume taper function wood assortments
Mostra abstract
Traditionally, taper equations are developed from measurements collected through a destructive sampling of trees. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables high levels of accuracy of individual tree parameters measurement avoiding tree felling. With this study, we wanted to assess the performance of two approaches to calibrate a taper function: using stem diameters extracted from TLS point clouds and measured at different tree heights with the traditional and usual forest instruments. We compared the performance of four taper equations built with data collected by TLS and traditional survey in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests of mount Amiata (Tuscany Region, Italy). We computed the volume of stem sections 1.00 m long by integrating the most performing TLS-based taper equation and by the Huber, Smalian and cone formulas applied on the diameter and height values measured with the traditional field surveys. We conducted the analysis of error distribution in volume estimates computed integrating the most performing TLS-based taper function along the stem. We tested if the differences in the volume estimate of the two methods were significant. Schumacher and Hall (1933) equation was the most performing taper function both in case of using TLS and traditional surveyed data, being the TLS-based function more performant (rRMSE = 6.90% vs 9.17%). Its performance did not increase when diameter values were extracted from TLS point clouds with a higher frequency (i.e. 25.0 cm vs 1.00 m). By integrating the TLS-based Schumacher and Hall (1933) function, the sections with the highest error resulted from 5.00 to 7.00 m of stem height (i.e. RMSE from 14.72 to 19.14 dm<sup>3</sup> and rRMSE from 13.00 to 17.76%). This study case represents the first attempts to develop a taper equation for European beech of mount Amiata using values of stem diameter and height extracted from the TLS point cloud. The results demonstrated that TLS produces the same stem volume estimates as traditional method avoiding falling trees. © 2021 Centro di Ricerca per la Selvicoltura, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria. All rights reserved.
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2021
Rivista
Annals of Silvicultural Research
Dettagli
Vol. 46 (2) pp. 128 - 140
DOI
Exploratory analysis of structural diversity indicators at stand level in three Italian beech sites and implications for sustainable forest management
Bertini , Giada , Becagli , Claudia , Chiavetta , U. , Ferretti , Fabrizio , Fabbio , Gianfranco , Salvati , Luca
silviculture forest diversity multiway factor analysis structural diversity indicators tree stand structure
Mostra abstract
The present study introduces an exploratory data analysis based on structural indicators with the aim to assess the effect of silvicultural practices on tree stand structure. The study was carried out in three Italian beech forests of different ages with stand structures that originated from dissimilar regeneration and cultivation techniques (Cansiglio, northern Italy, Chiarano, central Italy, and Mongiana, southern Italy). Ten structural indicators were considered when investigating the latent multivariate relationship between stand structure attributes before and after thinning operations by using a multiway factor analysis (MFA). The MFA results identified the older stand at Cansiglio as more homogeneous for cultivation regimes, and more stable to practices when compared with the younger sites (Chiarano and Mongiana). Heterogeneous stands were sensitive to silvicultural practice thus suggesting their possible impact on forest attributes. The proposed approach proved to be an operational tool to evaluate comprehensively the response of forest structure to planned interventions. © 2018, Northeast Forestry University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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2019
Rivista
Journal of Forestry Research
Dettagli
Vol. 30 (1) pp. 121 - 127
DOI
Sustainable land management, adaptive silviculture, and new forest challenges: Evidence from a latitudinal gradient in Italy
Fabbio , Gianfranco , Cantiani , Paolo , Ferretti , Fabrizio , Di Salvatore , Umberto , Bertini , Giada , Becagli , Claudia , Chiavetta , U. , Marchi , Maurizio , Salvati , Luca
beech italy adaptive forest management experimental trial pro-active silviculture
Mostra abstract
Aimed at reducing structural homogeneity and symmetrical competition in even-aged forest stands and enhancing stand structure diversity, the present study contributes to the design and implementation of adaptive silvicultural practices with two objectives: (1) preserving high wood production rates under changing environmental conditions and (2) ensuring key ecological services including carbon sequestration and forest health and vitality over extended stand life-spans. Based on a quantitative analysis of selected stand structure indicators, the experimental design was aimed at comparing customary practices of thinning from below over the full standing crop and innovative practices of crown thinning or selective thinning releasing a pre-fixed number of best phenotypes and removing direct crown competitors. Experimental trials were established at four beech forests along a latitudinal gradient in Italy: Cansiglio, Veneto; Vallombrosa, Tuscany; Chiarano, Abruzzo; and Marchesale, Calabria). Empirical results indicate a higher harvesting rate is associated with innovative practices compared with traditional thinning. A multivariate discriminant analysis outlined significant differences in post-treatment stand structure, highlighting the differential role of structural and functional variables across the study sites. These findings clarify the impact of former forest structure in shaping post-treatment stand attributes. Monitoring standing crop variables before and after thinning provides a basic understanding to verify intensity and direction of the applied manipulation, the progress toward the economic and ecological goals, as well as possible failures or need for adjustments within a comprehensive strategy of adaptive forest management. © 2018 by the authors.
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2018
Rivista
Sustainability (Switzerland)
Dettagli
Vol. 10 (7)
DOI
Assessing the maintenance of forest resources and their contribution to carbon cycles
Becagli , Claudia , Bertini , Giada , Cammarano , Mario , Cantiani , Paolo , Čater , Matjaž , Chiavetta , U. , Coletta , Vittoria , Conforti , Massimo , D'Andrea , Ettore , Di Salvatore , D. , Fabbio , Gianfranco , Ferlan , Mitja , Ferreira , Andreja , Ferretti , Fabrizio , Giovannozzi Sermanni , A. , Kobler , Andrej , Kovač , Marko , Marinšek , Aleksander , Micali , Marco , Pellicone , Gaetano , Planinšek , Špela , Rezaei , N. , Sicuriello , Flavia , Skudnik , Mitja , Tonti , Daniela
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2016
Rivista
Annals of Silvicultural Research
Dettagli
Vol. 40 (1) pp. 55 - 63
MASTREE+: Time-series of plant reproductive effort from six continents
Hacket-Pain , Andrew J. , Foest , Jessie J. , Pearse , Ian S. , LaMontagne , Jalene M. , Koenig , Walter D. , Vacchiano , Giorgio , Bogdziewicz , Michał , Caignard , Thomas , Celebias , Paulina , van Dormolen , Joep , Fernández-Martínez , Marcos , Moris , Jose V. , Palaghianu , Ciprian , Pesendorfer , Mario B. , Satake , Akiko , Schermer , Éliane , Tanentzap , Andrew J. , Thomas , Peter A. , Vecchio , Davide , Wion , Andreas P. , Wohlgemuth , Thomas , Xue , Tingting , Abernethy , Katharine A. , Aravena Acuña , Marie Claire , Barrera , Marcelo Daniel , Barton , Jessica H. , Boutin , Stan A. , Bush , Emma R. , Donoso Calderón , Sergio R. , Carevic , Felipe S. , Castilho , Carolina V. , Manuel Cellini , Juan , Chapman , Colin A. , Chapman , H. M. , Chianucci , Francesco , Costa , Patricia Da , Croisé , Luc , Cutini , Andrea , Dantzer , Ben J. , DeRose , Robert Justin , Dikangadissi , Jean Thoussaint , Dimoto , Edmond , da Fonseca , Fernanda Lopes , Gallo , Leonardo Ariel , Gratzer , Georg , Greene , David F. , Hadad , Martín Ariel , Huertas Herrera , Alejandro , Jeffery , Kathryn J. , Johnstone , Jill F. , Kalbitzer , Urs , Kantorowicz , Władysław , Klimas , Christie Ann , Lageard , Jonathan G.A. , Lane , Jeffrey E. , Lapin , Katharina , Ledwoń , Mateusz , Leeper , Abigail C. , Lencinas , María Vanessa , Lira-Guedes , Ana Cláudia , Lordon , Michael C. , Marchelli , Paula , Marino , Shealyn , Schmidt van Marle , Harald , McAdam , Andrew G. , Momont , Ludovic R.W. , Nicolas , Manuel , de Oliveira Wadt , Lúcia Helena , Panahi , Parisa , Martínez Pastur , Guillermo J. , Patterson , Thomas W. , Luis Peri , Pablo , Piechnik , Łukasz , Pourhashemi , Mehdi , Espinoza Quezada , Claudia , Roig , Fidel Alejandro , Peña-Rojas , Karen A. , Rosas , Yamina Micaela , Schueler , Silvio , Seget , Barbara , Soler , Rosina M. , Steele , Michael A. , Toro Manríquez , Mónica Del Rosario , Tutin , Caroline E.G. , Ukizintambara , Tharcisse , White , Lee J.T. , Yadok , Biplang Godwill , Willis , John L. , Zolles , Anita , Żywiec , Magdalena , Ascoli , Davide
plant reproduction masting demography flowering general flowering recruitment regeneration
Mostra abstract
Significant gaps remain in understanding the response of plant reproduction to environmental change. This is partly because measuring reproduction in long-lived plants requires direct observation over many years and such datasets have rarely been made publicly available. Here we introduce MASTREE+, a data set that collates reproductive time-series data from across the globe and makes these data freely available to the community. MASTREE+ includes 73,828 georeferenced observations of annual reproduction (e.g. seed and fruit counts) in perennial plant populations worldwide. These observations consist of 5971 population-level time-series from 974 species in 66 countries. The mean and median time-series length is 12.4 and 10 years respectively, and the data set includes 1122 series that extend over at least two decades (≥20 years of observations). For a subset of well-studied species, MASTREE+ includes extensive replication of time-series across geographical and climatic gradients. Here we describe the open-access data set, available as a.csv file, and we introduce an associated web-based app for data exploration. MASTREE+ will provide the basis for improved understanding of the response of long-lived plant reproduction to environmental change. Additionally, MASTREE+ will enable investigation of the ecology and evolution of reproductive strategies in perennial plants, and the role of plant reproduction as a driver of ecosystem dynamics. © 2022 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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2022
Rivista
Global Change Biology
Dettagli
Vol. 28 (9) pp. 3066 - 3082
DOI
ManFor C.Bd sites and the drivers of forest functions
Di Salvatore , Umberto , Tonti , Daniela , Bascietto , Marco , Chiavetta , U. , Cantiani , Paolo , Fabbio , Gianfranco , Becagli , Claudia , Bertini , Giada , Sansone , Dalila , Skudnik , Mitja , Kobal , Milan , Kutnar , Lado , Ferreira , Andreja , Kobler , Andrej , Kovač , Marko , Ferretti , Fabrizio
biodiversity italy silviculture slovenia carbon retention forest functions landscape driving forces silviculture driving forces life manfor c.bd management options
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2016
Rivista
Italian Journal of Agronomy
Dettagli
Vol. 11 (S1) pp. 64 - 95