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Trends of ungulate species in Europe: not all stories are equal
Cerri , Jacopo , Chirichella , Roberta , Arnold , Walter , Bartoš , Luděk , Borowik , Tomasz , Carranza , Juan , Chianucci , Francesco , Csányi , Sándor , Ericsson , Göran , Heurich , Marco , Kojola , Ilpo , Mysterud , Atle , Pokorny , Boštjan , Schmidt , Krzysztof , Šprem , Nikica , Vicente , Joaquín , Alagić , Ajša , Balčiauskas , Linas , Casaer , Jim , Cellina , Sandra , Done , Gundega , Find’o , Slavomír , Fonseca , Carlos M.M.S. , Gačić , Dragan P. , Melovski , Dime , Ozoliņš , Jânis , Papaioannou , Haritakis I. , Pusenius , Jyrki , Randveer , Tiit , Ruusila , Vesa , Saint-Andrieux , Christine , Veeroja , Rauno , Apollonio , Marco
hunting bags reforestation rural abandonment time-series analysis wild ungulates wildlife management
Mostra abstract
Wild ungulates have deep impacts on socio-ecological systems, and analyzing large-scale population trends in a multispecies set can identify their environmental and socio-economic drivers. We collected annual hunting bags (n = 11,046, period 1975–2018) of European roe deer, red deer, wild boar, fallow deer, mouflon, northern chamois and moose, across Europe. We identified different temporal trends in their hunting bags and evaluated the social and environmental drivers of their relative abundances. The number of harvested red deer and fallow deer, increased steadily across Europe, with minor differences among countries, despite variations in land use and climate. On the contrary, European roe deer harvests have decreased in six European countries since the late 1990s, probably due to landscape changes and locally also due to predation, interspecific competition, and/or increasing temperatures. Northern chamois harvests in Austria and Switzerland have decreased markedly, probably due to increasing temperatures, which decrease the survival of kids at high altitudes. Wild boar harvests have decreased in Poland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania since the African Swine Fever outbreak in 2013–2014. Minor differences emerged between countries adopting different management regimes for wild ungulates. While many studies pointed out landscape changes as the cornerstone for the increase in wild ungulates across Europe, our research emphasizes important species-specific differences. There is a need to predict how landscape dynamics, climate change and recovering large carnivores will affect populations of species already showing signs of decline, like the European roe deer or the northern chamois. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences 2026.
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2026
Rivista
Mammal Research
Dettagli
Vol. 71 (2)
DOI
TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access
Kattge , Jens , Bönisch , Gerhard , Díaz , Sandra M. , Lavorel , Sandra , Prentice , Iain Colin , Leadley , Paul W. , Tautenhahn , Susanne , Werner , Gijsbert , Aakala , Tuomas , Abedi , Mehdi , Acosta , Alicia Teresa Rosario , Adamidis , George C. , Adamson , Kairi , Aiba , Masahiro , Albert , Cécile Hélène , Alcántara , Julio M. , Alcázar C , Carolina , Aleixo , Izabela , Ali , Hamada E. , Amiaud , Bernard , Ammer , Christian , Amoroso , Mariano Martín , Anand , Madhur , Anderson , Carolyn G. , Anten , Niels P.R. , Antos , Joseph A. , Apgaua , Deborah Mattos Guimarães , Ashman , Tia Lynn , Asmara , Degi Harja , Asner , Gregory P. , Aspinwall , Michael J. , Atkin , Owen K. , Aubin , Isabelle , Baastrup-Spohr , Lars , Bahalkeh , Khadijeh , Bahn , Michael , Baker , Timothy R. , Baker , William J. , Bakker , Jan P. , Baldocchi , Dennis D. , Baltzer , Jennifer L. , Banerjee , Arindam , Baranger , Anne , Barlow , Jos B. , Barneche , Diego R. , Baruch , Zdravko , Bastianelli , Denis , Battles , John J. , Bauerle , William L. , Bauters , Marijn , Bazzato , Erika , Beckmann , Michael , Beeckman , Hans , Beierkuhnlein , Carl , Bekker , Renée M. , Belfry , Gavin , Belluau , Michaël , Beloiu Schwenke , Mirela , Benavides , Raquel , Benomar , Lahcen , Berdugo-Lattke , Mary Lee , Berenguer , Erika , Bergamin , Rodrigo Scarton , Bergmann , Joana , Carlucci , Marcos B. , Berner , Logan T. , Bernhardt-Römermann , Markus , Bigler , Christof , Bjorkman , Anne D. , Blackman , Chris J. , Blanco , Carolina Casagrande , Blonder , Benjamin Wong , Blumenthal , Dana M. , Bocanegra-González , Kelly Tatiana , Boeckx , Pascal , Bohlman , Stephanie Ann , Böhning-Gaese , Katrin , Boisvert-Marsh , Laura , Bond , William J. , Bond-Lamberty , Ben P. , Boom , Arnoud , Boonman , Coline C.F. , Bordin , Kauane Maiara , Boughton , Elizabeth H. , Boukili , Vanessa K.S. , Bowman , David M.J.S. , Bravo , Sandra Josefina , Brendel , Marco R. , Broadley , Martin R. , Brown , Kerry A. , Bruelheide , Helge , Brumnich , Federico , Bruun , Hans Henrik , Bruy , David , Buchanan , Serra Willow , Bucher , Solveig Franziska , Buchmann , Nina , Buitenwerf , Robert , Bunker , Daniel E. , Bürger , Jana
functional diversity data coverage data integration data representativeness plant traits try plant trait database
Mostra abstract
Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives. © 2019 The Authors. Global Change Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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2020
Rivista
Global Change Biology
Dettagli
Vol. 26 (1) pp. 119 - 188
DOI
Estimation of foliage clumping from the LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer: effect of view caps
Chianucci , Francesco , MacFarlane , Craig K. , Písek , Jan , Cutini , Andrea , Casa , Raffaele
leaf area index hemispherical photography apparent clumping index effective leaf area logarithm averaging
Mostra abstract
Key message: Foliage clumping can be estimated from logarithm averaging method in LAI-2000. The spatial scaling of clumping effects considered by the instrument is dependent on the sensor’s azimuthal view. Accurate estimates of foliage clumping index (Ω) are required to improve the retrieval of leaf area index (L) from optical instruments like LAI-2000/2200 Plant Canopy Analyzer (PCA) and digital hemispherical photography (DHP). The logarithm averaging method is often used to approximate L because clumping effects are considered at scales larger than the sensor’s field of view. However, the spatial scaling considered for logarithm averaging typically differs between PCA and DHP, resulting in different estimates of foliage clumping. Based on simulation, we demonstrated that applying restricting azimuth view caps (e.g., 45° or 10°) allows reliable estimation of Ω and more accurate estimation of L from PCA. Simulated Ω and L values were comparable to those measured using the PCA, DHP and litter traps. Linear averaging of the gap fractions across readings at a plot or site yields a concurrent estimate of effective leaf area index (L<inf>e</inf>), thus enabling the calculation of L<inf>e</inf>, L, and Ω from a single instrument fitted with view caps. Users need to be aware that the method they use for averaging gap fractions determines whether they are measuring L<inf>e</inf> or L, and PCA users need to be aware that they are applying increasingly large corrections for foliage clumping as they use more restrictive view caps, a fact that they can use to their advantage to improve estimates of L. © 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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2015
Rivista
Trees - Structure and Function
Dettagli
Vol. 29 (2) pp. 355 - 366
DOI